传递任意数量的实参
形参前加一个 * ,Python会创建一个已形参为名的空元组,将所有收到的值都放到这个元组中:
def make_pizza(*toppings): print("\nMaking a pizza with the following toppings: ") for topping in toppings: print("- " + topping) make_pizza('pepperoni') make_pizza('mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
不管函数收到多少实参,这种语法都管用。
1. 结合使用位置实参和任意数量实参
def make_pizza(size, *toppings): print("\nMaking a " + str(size) + "-inch pizza with the following toppings: ") for topping in toppings: print("- " + topping) make_pizza(16, 'pepperoni') make_pizza(12, 'mushroom', 'green peppers', 'extra cheese')
运行结果:
Making a 16-inch pizza with the following toppings: - pepperoni Making a 12-inch pizza with the following toppings: - mushroom - green peppers - extra cheese
2. 使用任意数量的关键字实参
def build_profile(first, last, **user_info): profile = dict() profile['first_name'] = first profile['last_name'] = last for key, value in user_info.items(): profile[key] = value return profile user_profile = build_profile('albert', 'einstein', location='princeton', field='physic') print(user_profile)
形参**user_info中的两个星号让python创建了一个名为user_info的空字典。
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