python调用api的几种方式:
1、urllib2
def run(self): username, password = getword() try: print "-"*12 print "User:",username,"Password:",password req = urllib2.Request(sys.argv[1]) passman = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm() passman.add_password(None, sys.argv[1], username, password) authhandler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(passman) opener = urllib2.build_opener(authhandler) fd = opener.open(req) print "\t\n\nUsername:",username,"Password:",password,"----- Login successful!!!\n\n" print "Retrieved", fd.geturl() info = fd.info() for key, value in info.items(): print "%s = %s" % (key, value) sys.exit(2) except (urllib2.HTTPError, httplib.BadStatusLine,socket.error), msg: print "An error occurred:", msg pass
2、urllib
def dorequest(url, data = "", method = 'GET'): try: if method == 'GET': response = urllib.request.urlopen(url, timeout=10).read() else: # use PUT/DELETE/POST, data should be encoded in ascii/bytes request = urllib.request.Request(url, data = data.encode('ascii'), method = method) response = urllib.request.urlopen(request, timeout=10).read() # etcd may return json result with response http error code # http error code will raise exception in urlopen # catch the HTTPError and get the json result except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: # e.fp must be read() in this except block. # the e will be deleted and e.fp will be closed after this block response = e.fp.read() # response is encoded in bytes. # recoded in utf-8 and loaded in json result = json.loads(str(response, encoding='utf-8')) return result # client to use etcd # not all APIs are implemented below. just implement what we want
3、pycurl
def put (url, data, headers={}): """Make a PUT request to the url, using data in the message body, with the additional headers, if any""" reply = -1 # default, non-http response curl = pycurl.Curl() curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, url) if len(headers) > 0: curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPHEADER, [k+': '+v for k,v in headers.items()]) curl.setopt(pycurl.PUT, 1) curl.setopt(pycurl.INFILESIZE, len(data)) databuffer = StringIO(data) curl.setopt(pycurl.READFUNCTION, databuffer.read) try: curl.perform() reply = curl.getinfo(pycurl.HTTP_CODE) except Exception: pass curl.close() return reply
4、requests
import requests >>> r = requests.get('https://api.github.com/user', auth=('user', 'pass')) >>> r.status_code 200 >>> r.headers['content-type'] 'application/json; charset=utf8' >>> r.encoding 'utf-8' >>> r.text u'{"type":"User"...' >>> r.json() {u'private_gists': 419, u'total_private_repos': 77, ...}
神龙|纯净稳定代理IP免费测试>>>>>>>>天启|企业级代理IP免费测试>>>>>>>>IPIPGO|全球住宅代理IP免费测试